Royal Air Force History


RAF History Timeline

1918 to 1929

This Time Line traces the history of aviation and the Royal Air Force during the last month of 1918 to the end of 1929, documenting the major events in the development of flight and the service during this period.

 


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Click on the year to move back to the 1917 - 1918 timeline.

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13 Dec 1918- First flight from England to India begins; "Old Carthusian", a Handley Page V/1500 bomber piloted by Major A MacLaren eventually reaches Delhi on January 16, 1919.

The V/1500 "Old Carthusian"
L 1919
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11 Jan 1919- Winston Churchill is appointed Secretary of State for War and Air and Major-General Sir Hugh Trenchard becomes Chief of the Air Staff.

Sir Hugh Trenchard in ceremonial dress
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18 May 1919- First attempted non-stop transatlantic flight. Harry Hawker and Lieutenant-Commander Mackenzie-Grieve are forced to ditch their aircraft, a Sopwith Atlantic, the next day, and are picked up by a Danish vessel. The Daily Mail newspaper awards them £5,000 for the attempt.

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14/15 Jun 1919- Captain John Alcock and Lt Arthur Whitten Brown make the first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic by aircraft. The Vickers Vimy bomber flew from St John's, Newfoundland to Clifton, County Galway, Ireland in 16 hours 27 minutes.

The Vimy sunk in the Derrygimla bog, 
with (inset) Alcock and Brown
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2-6 Jul 1919- The British airship R34 makes the first airship crossing of the Atlantic, flying from East Fortune, Scotland to New York.

R.34 arriving in New York
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9 Jul 1919- R34 leaves New York for Norfolk, England, and arrives 5 days later, having made the first two-way crossing of the Atlantic.

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18 Jul 1919- The RAF's top ranking ace of World War I, Major Edward "Mick" Mannock is posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross.

Major E "Mick" Mannock, VC, DSO and 2 
bars, MC and 2 bars.
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4 Aug 1919- Inter-service squabbling in the wake of massive post-war defence cuts reaches a new low when the Army and Navy refuse to allow the RAF to use their officer ranks, forcing Trenchard to create new ones. The new rank titles (Pilot Officer, Flight Lieutenant etc.) came into being on this date.

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23 Oct 1919- Royal Air Force Benevolent Fund founded by Lord Trenchard.

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12 Nov - 10 Dec 1919- Australian brothers Capt Ross Smith and Lt Keith Smith depart Hounslow Airfield, England in a Vickers Vimy bomber in an attempt to become the first men to fly from England to Australia. After travelling a distance of 11,290 miles (18,170km), the Smith brothers arrive in Darwin, Northern Australia on 10 December.

The England - Australia crew, left to right, 
Spiers, Ross Smith, Keith Smith, Bennett
L 1920
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Jan - Feb 1920- The RAF's first "little war". RAF units were involved in operations with the Camel Corps in British Somaliland (now Somalia) to overthrow Dervish leader Mohammed bin Abdullah Hassan, the "Mad Mullah". The airborne intervention was "the main instrument and decisive factor" in the success of the operation. Ten dH9s were dispatched to form "Z Force", and were used for bombing, strafing and as air ambulances.

A Z Force dH9 in its air ambulance role
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5 Feb 1920- The RAF College opened at Cranwell, Lincolnshire.

The RAF College, Cranwell
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1 Apr 1920- The WRAF was disbanded.

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3 Jul 1920- Over 60,000 spectators attend the first RAF Pageant at Hendon, London.

A poster for the first RAF Aerial Pageant at 
Hendon
L 1921
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1921- As it has already been mentioned, the RAF's new role of policing the Empire greatly helped to maintain it's status as an independent fighting force. The defence cuts after the Great War saw the RAF fighting for its survival as the Royal Navy and Army sought to take control of the RAF's assets. At the start of the year, front-line strength of the RAF had been reduced to five UK based squadrons (four army co-operation and one fighter), five squadrons in Egypt, four each in India and Iraq and one in the Far East.

No 1 Squadron Snipes over Iraq. In the UK, 
only No 25 Squadron at Hawkinge on Snipes remained of the whole of the Air Defence of the UK fighter force
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Jan 1921- R34 is seriously damaged after striking a hillside in thick fog. Whilst undergoing repair, the groundcrew cause further damage, and the airship is eventually destroyed when a gusting wind causes R34 to hit the ground.

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23 Jun 1921- Nos. 30 and 47 Sqn, RAF, begin the RAF's weekly Cairo - Baghdad mail service. The 840 mile (1,350km) route had been previously surveyed, and tracks ploughed across the Syrian desert to aid navigation.

dH9As of 30 and 47 Squadrons began the Cairo - 
Baghdad airmail route
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1 Aug 1921- The RAF takes delivery of the first purpose-built troop-carrying aircraft, the Vickers Vernon, a development of Vimy bomber with a bulbous fuselage.

A Vickers Vernon alongside a Vimy. 70 Sqn used 
them on the Cairo - Baghdad airmail route from 1922
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1 Oct 1921- The RAF assumes military control of Mesopotamia (now Iraq) and Jordan. The success of the RAF's involvement against the Mad Mullah two years earlier, allow ground forces to be reduced and air-policing introduced.

L 1922
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9 Feb 1922- The Royal Air Force Reserve is created.

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4 Apr 1922- RAF Staff College opened at Andover; It's first Commandant is Air Commodore H R M Brooke-Popham.

L 1923
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Jun 1923- The RAF Nursing Service was renamed Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service.

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20 Jun 1923- Acting on the recommendations of the Committee of National and Imperial Defence, the Prime Minister advocates a home defence force of 52 squadrons.

With the expansion recommendations came new 
equipment, such as the Gloster Grebe
L 1924
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20 Mar 1924- The Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment (A&AEE) is formed at Martlesham Heath, Norfolk under the command of Wing Commander NJ Gill.

A&AEE were responsible for, among other 
things, the acceptance trials of new types, such as the Hawker Woodcock of 1924
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April 1924- The Fleet Air Arm is formed, comprising RAF units normally embarked on aircraft carriers and fighting ships.

Blackburn Darts and Fairey Flycatchers of the newly 
formed Fleet Air Arm
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9 Oct 1924- Formation of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force.

L 1925
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1 Jan 1925- Air Defences of Great Britain formed (commander Air Marshal Sir John Salmond), and comprises Bombing Area, Fighting Area and Special Reserve and the Auxiliary Air Force.

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March - May 1925- Outrages by Mahsud tribesmen in Waziristan, India, see the RAF involved in its first independent air action. Aircraft from Nos. 5, 27 and 60 Squadrons, commanded by Wing Commander RCM Pink, bomb and strafe mountain strongholds in a successful attempt to crush the rebellion. On 1 May, the rebel leaders seek an honourable peace, and the short campaign known as "Pink's War" came to a close. A campaign in 1919 had proved inconclusive after causing 1,329 casualties; this latest action results in the loss of just 2 men.

60 Squadron dH9As took part in the air action 
of 1925
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1 Oct 1925- Cambridge becomes the first University Air Squadron (UAS) to be formed. This is closely followed by Oxford UAS on the 11th October.

Bristol F2bs of the Cambribge UAS
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14 Oct 1925- Northolt is the location of the first two Auxiliary Air Force squadrons to be formed; No. 600 (City of London) and No. 601 (County of London) (Bomber) Squadrons.

600 Sqn RAuxAF Badge
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22 Oct 1925- No. 1 Apprentices Wing is formed at Halton.

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29 Oct 1925- The Observer Corps is formed.

L 1926
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1 Mar - 2 Jun 1926- The start of a golden era of RAF record-breaking flights; Four Fairey IIID floatplanes fly from Cairo, Egypt to Cape Town, South Africa and return, then on to Lee-on-Solent, England - a distance of some 14,000 miles (22,530 km).

A Fairey IIID floatplane
L 1927
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1927- The Bristol Bulldog, destined to serve with the Royal Air Force well into the 1930's makes it's first flight.

Bristol Bulldog
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March 1927- The RAF's first all-metal fighter, the Siskin IIIa, enters service with No. 41 Squadron at Northolt.

An Armstrong Whitworth Siskin IIIA being readied 
with oxygen equipment
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April 1927- Headquarters RAF China is formed at Hong Kong, following the addition of an RAF army co-operation squadron to the existing Shanghai Defence Force.

L 1928
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April 1928- The RAF High Speed Flight is formed at Felixstowe.

One of the lesser known racing aircraft of the 
period, the Gloster IV equipped the RAF High Speed Flight
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23 Dec 1928- Following the isolation of the British Legation at Kabul in Afghanistan by rebel tribes led by Kabibullah Khan, No. 70 Squadron begins the first ever air evacuation when 586 civilians from the enclave are airlifted to safety. Over the next two months Victoria troop-carriers fly some 28,000 miles (45,000km) in total at a height of up to 10,000ft (3,048m) over mountains in severe weather.

The Handley Page Hinaidi prototype took part in 
the evacuation of Kabul with No 70 Squadron
L 1929
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1 Jan 1929- Control of the Observer Corps was transferred from the War Office to the RAF under the command of Air Commodore E A D Masterman.

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7 Sept 1929- Britain retained the Schneider Trophy. Flying the Supermarine S.6, Flying Officer H.R.D. Waghorn lapped the course at the world record speed of 328.629mph.

1929 Schneider Trophy Program Cover
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Click on the year to move forward to the 1930 - 1939 timeline.


Date Last Updated : Thursday, January 22, 2009 3:29 PM

 

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